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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgem | om joŋgo |
| 2SG: | joŋget | ot joŋgo |
| 3SG: | joŋga | ok/ogeš joŋgo |
| 1PL: | joŋgena | ona/ogə̑na joŋgo |
| 2PL: | joŋgeda | oda/ogə̑da joŋgo |
| 3PL: | joŋgat | ogə̑t joŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgə̑šə̑m | šə̑m joŋgo |
| 2SG: | joŋgə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ joŋgo |
| 3SG: | joŋgə̑š | ə̑š joŋgo |
| 1PL: | joŋgə̑šna | ə̑šna joŋgo |
| 2PL: | joŋgə̑šda | ə̑šda joŋgo |
| 3PL: | joŋgə̑št | ə̑št joŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgenam | joŋgen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | joŋgenat | joŋgen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | joŋgen | joŋgen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | joŋgenna | joŋgen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | joŋgenda | joŋgen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | joŋgenə̑t | joŋgen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgem ə̑l'e | om joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋget ə̑l'e | ot joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t joŋgo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgem ulmaš | om joŋgo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joŋget ulmaš | ot joŋgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋga ulmaš | ok/ogeš joŋgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joŋgena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na joŋgo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joŋgeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da joŋgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgat ulmaš | ogə̑t joŋgo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgenam ə̑l'e | joŋgen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋgenat ə̑l'e | joŋgen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋgen ə̑l'e | joŋgen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgenna ə̑l'e | joŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgenda ə̑l'e | joŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgen ə̑l'e | joŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgenam ulmaš | joŋgen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joŋgenat ulmaš | joŋgen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋgen ulmaš | joŋgen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joŋgenna ulmaš | joŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joŋgenda ulmaš | joŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgen ulmaš | joŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joŋgo | it joŋgo |
| 3SG: | joŋgə̑žo | ə̑nže joŋgo |
| 1PL: | (joŋgena) | (ona/ogə̑na joŋgo) |
| 2PL: | joŋgə̑za | ida joŋgo |
| 3PL: | joŋgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št joŋgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgə̑nem | ə̑nem joŋgo |
| 2SG: | joŋgə̑net | ə̑net joŋgo |
| 3SG: | joŋgə̑neže | ə̑než joŋgo |
| 1PL: | joŋgə̑nena | ə̑nena joŋgo |
| 2PL: | joŋgə̑neda | ə̑neda joŋgo |
| 3PL: | joŋgə̑nešt | ə̑nešt joŋgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋgə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda joŋgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt joŋgo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joŋgə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net joŋgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋgə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než joŋgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | joŋgə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda joŋgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt joŋgo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | joŋgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | joŋgə̑man |
| Active participle: | joŋgə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | joŋgə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | joŋgə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | joŋgə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | joŋgen |
| Negative gerund: | joŋgə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | joŋgə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | joŋgə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | joŋgə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | joŋgə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | joŋgə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||